部分倒装
1． 否定 adv 位于句首，引起倒装：not only, not until, hardly, scarcely, 
seldom, rarely, no sooner…than　 
1） not until + 时间 + 主谓倒装，not until + 句子+主谓倒装 
2） only+状语位于句首 
only +ad.　 eg: recently 
prep.短短语　 eg: in recently years 
从句　 eg: when clause 
only一个词本身不倒装 
3） 在比较级结构中，than后面可以倒装，也可以不倒装。
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
1) Neither, nor, so 表示前面句子的共同否定或者肯定，产生倒装，一般主动词提前，谓语动词的其他部分就
4) as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 （形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。
as〔让步〕虽然，尽管〔词序倒装。语气比 though 强〕。
Successful as he is, he is not proud. 他虽成功，却不骄傲。
Women as she is, she's every brave.
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
注意：A) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。B) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语, 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
5) 其他部分倒装
so… that 句型中的so; such… that句型中的such位于句首时，需倒装。
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.
在某些表示祝愿的句型中：May you all be happy.
在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。Were I you, I would try it again.
四、复合句
从句可分为：
名词性从句à 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
形容词性从句à定语从句
副词性从句à状语从句
常考的关系代词：that; which; who/whom/whose; where; when; what; as。
常见的同位语从句现行词（that之前的抽象名词）：fact, idea, news, hope, conclusion, evidence, opinion, problem, thought, understanding…
常用的引导词
时间状语从句：while; when; before; whenever; as; after; till; until; since; once; ever since; as/so long as; as soon as; no sooner… than; hardly… when; scarcely/barely… when; the moment/minute/instant; on (the point of) doing…
地点状语从句：where; wherever
原因状语从句：because; since; as; seeing that; considering that; now that; in that; for fear that; lest; owing to the fact that; because of the fact that; due to the fact that…
方式状语从句：as; as if; as though; how; save that…
比较状语从句：as; than; as… as; not so… as; hardly… than;
结果状语从句：so that; so… that; such… that; so as to…
条件状语从句：if; unless; in case; so long as; so far as; provided/providing/that; supposing; granted/granting that…; giving that….
让步状语从句：though; although; even if; even though; whether; as; however; no matter (what, how, when); for all that; in spite of the fact that; granted that; regardless of the fact that…
目的状语从句：that; so that; in order that; lest; for the fear that; in case…
定语从句:
which 引导的定语从句结构
1）which是关系代词，which后面应该加缺主语或者宾语的句子，
在这个句子中，which要作成分，作主语或者宾语
2）in which+完整的句子
which在定语从句中作in的宾语，所以不能作后面句子的主语
3）名词+of which+谓语动词
of which来修饰名词，名词在定语从句中作主语，所以后面直接跟谓语动词
 I have five books  three of which are borrowed from Mary.
4）介词+ which +to do 其功能相当于定语从句。
The key with which to open the door is lost.
5）定语从句的省略结构：
 1． 如果that / which在定从中作 宾语，可以省略. 
sub+vt+n+(which / that)+sub+vt 
→s+vt+n+s+v 
　s+vt+n1+n2+vt 
*当做题时，若发现两个名词在一起，但是似乎连不上，则一定省略that / 
which，则动词为vt，做谓语。 
 6）定从的特殊省略
the way (in which) + 句子 
the reason (why that)+句子　　　　　　　 均为完整句 
the time (that / when)+句子 
I do remember the first time (that省) I ever heard the sweetest voice in the world. 
By the time省that+句子，句子。 
7）定从的主系省略（主+系可同时省） 
即：which be , who be , that be可同时省
状语从句省略结构
这种省略从句主语的方式理论上需要满足以下两个条件：
        第一、特定的状语从句引导词：although　though　even though　when　while if as
　　　　第二、从句主语和主句主语必须保持一致；
　　　　第三、从句的谓语必须是be动词，主语和be动词同进同出，