7 percent of the sun's burning rays, whereas SPF 15 deflects 93 percent.

7.防晒指数（SPF）30的防晒霜效果比防晒指数15的好两倍吗？

其实并不是这样的。防晒因子代表你能在阳光下活动多久而不被晒伤。涂上防晒因子为2的防晒霜能让你在太阳下安全的呆上什么都不涂的2倍时间。防晒因子30能让你比只依赖你的天然防护系统多呆30倍的时间，也就是阻挡97%的紫外线，而防晒因子15则能阻挡93%。

Why are we more likely to get sunburns on the beach?

The sun's rays can reflect off of sand and water (snow, too). And there are other factors: UV is strongest in the summertime, at midday, at higher altitudes, and close to the equator. Even on a gray day, up to 80 percent of the sun's rays can pass through clouds, mist, and fog.

8.为什么在海滩上更容易晒伤？

因为沙子和海水可以反射太阳光（雪也可以）。当然还有其他原因：在夏天、正午、高海拔和靠近赤道的地方，紫外线特别强烈。甚至当天看起来灰蒙蒙的时候，还是有80%的太阳光可以透过云层、薄雾和浓雾照下来。

A little redness never hurt anyone, right?

Wrong. Exposure to UV rays can mutate your cells and cause cancer. Blistering sunburns during childhood and adolescence increases your risk of developing skin cancer as an adult, because melanoma has more time to develop over your lifetime. Other nasty effects: wrinkled and leathery skin, brown sunspots, and cataracts.

9.稍微晒红一点不碍事的，对吗？

不对。暴露在紫外光下会使你的细胞突变，引起癌症。童年或者青少年时的晒伤会是你成年后患皮肤癌的风险增加，因为在你的一生中黑色素的合成时间增多了。其他令人讨厌的结果还有皮肤起皱纹、变粗糙、长褐斑，还有白内障。

What's the best way to treat a burn?

It may take a day before you see the full rosy damage. Pop aspirin immediately?it may lessen early development of sunburn. Drink water. Treat first- and second-degree burns with cool baths, moisturizers such as aloe vera and hydrocortisone creams. See your doctor if burns accompany headache, chills, or fever.

10.怎样正确处理晒伤？

皮肤发红可能要晒后一整天才能完全表现出来。立即吃阿司匹林，它可以帮助你在晒伤早期减轻它的发展。多喝水。对于一级和二级晒伤，用凉水冲洗，再抹上点保水的东西，比如芦荟胶或者氢化可的松乳膏。如果你的晒伤还伴有头痛、寒战或者发烧症状，就赶快去看医生。

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